Ovarian cancer has earned the nickname “silent killer” because many women do not know they have it until it is too late. This serious disease often does not show clear symptoms early on, which makes it hard to detect. As a result, it has high mortality rates, especially in advanced stages. Experts say that improving awareness, genetic testing, and early diagnosis are essential to help women survive this illness.
According to the source, Dr. Geetha Nagasree, a senior surgical oncologist, emphasizes the importance of recognizing the signs of ovarian cancer. Although it is a common cancer, especially among women aged 54-65, many warning signs go unnoticed. Symptoms can be vague and might include bloating, abdominal pain, feeling full quickly after eating, frequent urination, constipation, and menstrual irregularities. These symptoms are often mistaken for less serious health issues, which is a significant challenge in diagnosing the disease early.
Statistics show that ovarian cancer ranks third among cancers affecting Indian women, following breast and cervical cancer. Alarmingly, India may have the highest number of ovarian cancer cases globally. It accounts for about 2.5% of all female cancer cases but causes 5% of cancer-related deaths. Tragically, nearly 60% of patients are diagnosed when the cancer has already spread beyond the ovaries, leading to a starkly low five-year survival rate of around 29%. In contrast, patients diagnosed at an early stage, when the cancer is still localized, have a much better survival rate of about 90%.
A significant risk factor for ovarian cancer is family history. Women with first-degree relatives who have had ovarian cancer are four times more likely to develop the disease themselves. Genetic mutations like BRCA1 and BRCA2 also contribute to a higher incidence of ovarian cancer. Other factors include obesity, tall stature, lack of physical activity, smoking, and not having children.
Currently, routine screening for ovarian cancer is not recommended for the general population, but there are tests available for those with a higher risk, such as ultrasounds and blood tests measuring CA125 levels. Experts stress the need for women to be aware of their family health history and seek medical advice if they exhibit any symptoms.
If diagnosed, surgery is typically the main treatment. Doctors aim to remove all visible cancerous tissue, which may include the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and sometimes the uterus. Chemotherapy is often prescribed afterward to help eliminate any remaining cancer cells. New innovative treatments like Hyperthermic Intra Peritoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) and Pressurized Intra Peritoneal Chemotherapy (PIPEC) are also being used in selected cases, providing more targeted and effective treatment options.
Dr. Nagasree encourages women to maintain a positive outlook and stay informed about their health. When combined with timely medical intervention, a proactive attitude can lead to better treatment outcomes and improved quality of life.
As awareness grows about ovarian cancer, both healthcare professionals and women must work together to break the silence surrounding this disease, making early detection and treatment a priority.
-Rashmi Kumari
